Electrically-heated utensil.



- utensils varying Widely `be heated and. circulated.

To all whom timely concem;

`Be ii; known that l', lwi'nn i@ G. HUGHES, a citizen of loe UnitedStates, residing e Chicago", in 'lie couniy of Cock and Stale ofIllinois,5l1a've invene-fl certain new enel useful Improvements VinElectri-celly-ltleeed Utensils, of which the vfollowincis a speciYelectriczilly''heated utensils, and more paiticulai'ly to electricalhealing ineens for incorpomtionin utensils, such as ccieepercw laters,for instance, wherein liquid is` 'lo @ne of thefobjects of vmy inventionlo provide a heating structure that issirnple in construction mol maycheaply and ensil5T loe manuinceui'ecl; that iseiiicient in opere tionand arranged to effect` c very' adventageousntilization of the,elecn'icelly--gencraie@ heat; tlictis mivfnitag'cously combined with :iutensil-supporting base; cheff; s effectively protected against gettingout order ci unduly deteriorating unfleiwsevee conditions of use; andlzliitv is susceptible ci Aembodiment in connection with 'utensils readyconstructed for extraneous, nomelectrical heating, toccnvei' suchiuensils inte electrically heatedk devices. l

It will become apparent lo those Skilled in the from liefollowng(lesczfipicn hai; stl'uctuesembodying my invei'iticn me susceptible ofWille 'vniiuicn of forni, l

i details of consii'ucion und arrangement,und

limi sucli kcmlioililnenls nuiybc employed! in in particular construction :mol in intended use, out particularly mlvnntilgzeousembodiment oll my in vcntion infin tlicconstruction of collecpevcoluiois.; ci mmeespccinlly in ille comfezsien nl: slovelieatcdpercclntois into electrically heatedpei-colltors, :unl tliciefui'e, i1 fpiu-L posee ofl e *full disclosure of mi" invenion, in a single exulmliinen,l will illustrate nml. (lescilie its application@ suclipei'colmor co'nsti'uclicn. :md may hereinafter claim, ,in Home claims,tile advantageous comliinative association of my heating' siuctui'e withfeatures of pei'colnior constiucion; oui 1t will be undei'smcd that mits ln-oaflci aspects l' (lo not neucl to limit my inven'lon to theexact constiuction or' ille particular 'use illustmtivcly selececl.

in the (lx'znvings Figui-e l is cenit-:1l reilliczil section tln'ougli:i utensil ccnslnucw'l in accordance with my invention, sani View l'iicn Willi inc s'innge i8.

Serial Elle. Sln

,L (v e finally, some Y w *ypiem ci? ,w in con e porcelain? con.-sl,i'ccticn 11g, e is e, section oni-line 2-2 oir W i ing. l, ind 3 :lean enlfirged veiiicfil sec'ion snowing elf l consiucdien.

in izlie drawing 10 indicates in geneiel e iecepm 1- noliy prefe'ebiy ofmetal oi' with founfleicn, lieving e bottom 11 to t sti-meinte and thestand or support are 'Teo be aieclieal. To boitem ll conn-cci: inwm-cllyopening cup member 13, of thin ineal, encl preferably shaped to pmiiflean in'eg'ml sfsiuctuie a locicni le, en inner S sil l5 fem/if ilie iipliei'jy' of inemrclly o; .ing cup-- well, an annuler crown Wall lil,en outer' Wall l? conccniiio wish #incl .spaceol operi; from will 3.5,Smil, en enwardly nent flange 153 ilni', is pie, frelpiy ineubsieniielly lie plane cf lle li ioin Wliile Snell e, cui), with iteinnmrillj," opening well 19 and iis cuny u op@ e; cli .l 20 in itshollow weil, might be inlined lmegral Witli wall. of vessel, in originelccnstruclion, el' melanie@ .itli iis flange resting on the in sideofzlic uiensil boitom prefer, especially in convey .ing stovelieatedpeicclecoi's in'lco elecfn to cui: in the niiensil-licv @einen o nl e12, in wliicl the @nier Well ci ne lic liolcxn ci ille utensil,benderiioic, l2. For liestenilsoeliinents of nj.T purposes, this cup ispicieielily permanently cseoci- :i liaise that :iiioicls summit to ellel lult is shown ne ,n lizirecl hollow :wing :i iop ring for coper- Tliisbese is cured in -iixezl z'clnion to the cup langc as i .Y :mil n'eiei.lily lies its'boom scnlci'l wel@ figlily l'ry e covei: plate 24. In 1amil, :s'msli c ,icien muy, ci" course, be van-lcd, Inu', is hereinsliown lie cover 24: is secured by sci'cx S25 that aikein'o ears 26mlille liaise casting, ugnineaiie shoulder 2'? inset smrwilmi in the.bearing lcnt'oxn edge of lie .ln-.559.

Foi' Mlm-hing the menig metallic structure to lie utensil bottom 'l1 l'preferably invest.

les so tlictilie flange 'i8 ik, lacing my 'preference in commercialpractice to coat the interfitting part with suitable paint or enamelduring the 'course of their assemblage and allow it to dry and hardenbefore use.

The heating element 33 is made of annular form 'to tit in the channel 2Oof the hollow wall cup, and to receive the extremities of the heatingwire the insulated binding posts 34 are sealed in the peripheral wall ofthe base 21, said wal-l being preferably flattened at the portion 21 forconvenient positioning of said binding posts. ln the particularconstruction shown I prefer that the heating element comprise a coremade ot an asbestos strip, bent into annular form and carrying thespirally wound resistance wire 37, this wire-carrying core spaced apartfrom the concentric metallic wall of the cup in all directions andsecured therein in its spaced relation by beingr embedded in a mass 38of insulating material, molded in the channel in a plastic condition andcaused to harden therein for self-retention.

Of course in assembling the construction specifically illustrated, theheating element is first incorporated in the cup wall, thel cup is thenmounted on the base and the resistance wire connected to the baseterminal, then the cup and base is secured to the utensil bottom and theanchor ring 30, and lastly the protective cover '24 is applied. Whenthus constructed, it will be apparent that the sealed chamber 38 withinthe base constitutes a closed air space that is protected againstingress of water when the utensil is being washed, and that serves alsoto resist dissipation of thei heat downward through the base.

In the embodiment of my invention in a percolator, the percolator-tube40,conventionally shown, carries at its bottom end an arched hood 41that overlies, contacts with, and centers upon the cup Wall, and thatpreferably has relatively small openings 42 spaced at intervals near itsperiphery so as to be close to the open top of the cup, preferablydirectly above crown wall 16. Of

course the size of the openings 42 are proportioned to the size of well19 and the desired rate of liquid flow, and to the area of the tube thatdelivers the heated liquid to percolate through the properly positionedcofi'ee container 43. The part 43 and other structure near the top ofFig. l merely represents generically any suitable percolator arrangementand it will be unnecessary to describe in detail the arrangement of suchparts suggestively shown, as these features of construction may take anyone of many well known forms.

A percolator equipped with water heating and circulating means as aboveAdescribed i has, among its advantages dueto-my invenbeing tion, theadvantage of beginning its percolating action `very quickly7 causing thedischarge, through the pcrcolator tube 40, of water that is far belowboiling temperature,

It will be observed that the heating element offers a very largeproportion of its effective surface for contact with the water, foreconomy and efficiency in operation. Within the well 19 there is, ofcourse, a tendency to internal circulation that will cause the water toascend along the inner wall 15 of the heat andto descend centrally; andexternally to the heater cup there is also a circulation tendency suchthat the cool water tends to descend neary the outer wall of thereceptacle 10 and to flow upwardly in proximity to the outer heater wall17. Consequently the `water that flows into the Well 19 through the topaperture 42, when the device is in operation,

is preheated water of nearly the maximum temperature 4available outsideof the well.' The small portion" ofcwater contained in well 19 of courseheats i'lp rapidly, and

in point of time of operation while the main 95 cool and so tends tolower the temperature body of water around the tube 40 is still of thewater dkpelled through tube 40 that the/drops actually expelled throughthe upper end of tube 40 are of relatively low temperature.V I regardthis 'as very advantageous in a coffee percolator, in thnt'it isgenerally regarded as truepthat the coffee is of best flavor if thetemperature of the water that is first passed through the coffeemass berelatively low.

Having described myrinvention, whatl claim is:- v

1. An electric heating structure for a utensil having a perforation inthe bottom thereof comprising a heater cup having a:l hollow peripheralwall, an electrlc heating element contained in said hollow wall, andmeans for attachment of said cup to the marginal ortion of theperforation in the utensil ottom, said cup projecting through theperforation into the interior of the utensil.

2. The combination `with an electricallyheated utensil having aperforation in the bottom thereof, of a metal cup having a doubleperipheral wall projecting through Vthe perforation providing anupwardly opening central well communicating wit thc-,interior of theutensil and downwardly opening channel, said channel opening to theexterior of the utensil, and an electrical heating element disposed insaid channel.

3. 'A heating unit for utensils comprising a one piece metal cup havinga base und upstanding'double peripheral walls formingm outwardly openingchannel' around .m in- 180 against walls 15 steam is quickly generated-1wardly opening well, and having a peripheral flange at its bottom; andan electric heating-coil in said channel.

4. A heating unit, for insertion in a utensil that has a bottomperforation, comprising a metal cup having .a base and upstanding doublel peripheral" walls, forming an upwardly.. opening well and a downwardlyopening channel, said cup having an outwardly extending flange forconnection with the marginal portion of the perforation in the utensilbottom, and an electrical heating element arranged in said channel.

5. An electric heating structure for insertion through a perforation ina utensil bot-l tom and attachment thereto, comprising in combination, adouble walled cup providing anupwardly opening well and a downwardlyopening channel, and having a border flange, an electrical heatingelement in said channel, a base structure to underlie the flange, andlfastening means appropriate'to connect the utensil bottom, the flangeand the base together.

n 6. An electric heating structure for insertion through a perforationin a utensil bottom and attachment thereto, comprising in combination, adouble walled cup providing` an upwardly opening well and a downwardlyopening channel, and having a border flange, an electricalheatingelement in said channel, a base structure to underlie the flange,said base having a closed bottom, and fastening means appropriate toconnect the utensil bottom, the Harige and the base together.

An electric heating structure for insertion through a perforation in autensil bottom and attachment thereto, comprising in combination, adouble walled cup providing an upwardly opening well and a downwardlyopening channel, and having a bor der flange, an electrical heatingelement in said channel, a base structure to underlie the flange, saidbase provided with a removable bottom closure, and carrying laterallyprojecting binding posts connected with the heating' element, andfastening means ap propriate to connect the utensil bottom, the flangeand the base together.

8. In a percolator, a vessel having in its bottom a cup with a doubleperipheral wall containing in its channel 'an electrical heatingelement. said cup closed at its bottom, and a hood` having openings`near ite` edge, overlying Said cup and comn'iunimlting with a percolatortube.

In testimony whereof T hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing wit nesses.

DAVYDD C.' (l. HUGHES. ln the presence of*- f STANLEY lV. CORK, MARY l".ALLEN.

